HPV (Human Papillomavirus) is a common group of viruses that can affect the skin and mucosal areas in both women and men. There are many different types of HPV. While some types can cause genital warts, certain high-risk types may increase the risk of developing certain cancers, particularly cervical cancer, when the infection persists over time. HPV is most commonly transmitted through sexual contact. Since it can be present in the body without causing any symptoms, a person may be unaware that they have the virus. In many cases, the immune system can naturally control HPV infections over time. However, regular medical check-ups and appropriate screening are important in cases of persistent infection. One of the most effective ways to help prevent HPV infection is HPV vaccination. The recommended age and number of doses may vary depending on the individual's age and health status. Safe sexual practices and regular gynecological check-ups are also important for prevention. In women, screening methods such as the HPV test and Pap smear are used to help detect cervical cancer and precancerous changes at an early stage. The appropriate timing and frequency of these tests are determined by a physician based on age and individual risk factors. Individuals who test positive for HPV should consult an obstetrics and gynecology specialist without unnecessary anxiety. An HPV-positive result does not, by itself, mean that a person has cancer. With appropriate evaluation and follow-up, potential risks can be monitored and managed.